The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model is a conceptual framework developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) to standardize communication functions in telecommunication and computing systems. Its primary purpose is facilitating interoperability among diverse systems by providing a common foundation for understanding and designing communication protocols.
The OSI model consists of seven layers, each representing a specific aspect of data transmission.
Physical Layer: Deals with the physical connection between devices, including hardware, cables, and signal transmission.
Data Link Layer: Manages error detection and correction, as well as frame synchronization for data transfer over a physical link.
Network Layer: Handles routing, addressing, and data delivery between different networks.
Transport Layer: Ensures reliable data transfer with error recovery, flow control, and segmentation.
Session Layer: Manages and controls sessions between applications, maintaining their connections and interactions.
Presentation Layer: Handles data translation, encryption, and compression to ensure compatibility between different systems.
Application Layer: Provides network services directly to the user or application, such as file transfer, email, and web browsing.
